Teach the Topic: Electricity

✏️ Paper first! Work out every question on paper before you tap Show solution. Write down every step – the equation, the numbers with units, the rearranging and the answer with its unit. In the exam, if your final answer is wrong you can still get marks for correct working, but only if the examiner can see it.

← All topics  |  Electricity topic page  |  Key: C+S = Combined and Separate · S only = Separate only · HT = Higher only  |  🔍 = see example pictures (Google Images, SafeSearch on)

✏️ Topic summary – copy into your book

Current is the rate of flow of charge. It only flows in a closed circuit when there is a potential difference, and resistance opposes it. Components such as resistors, lamps, diodes, thermistors and LDRs each have their own I–V characteristic. Series and parallel circuits follow different rules for current, p.d. and resistance. UK homes use 230 V, 50 Hz a.c. mains electricity, supplied by the National Grid. The power of an appliance is the rate at which it transfers energy.

Lesson 1 – Circuits, current and charge (C+S)

  1. Read: Circuits and Mains Electricity → the notes on circuits and current.
  2. Copy definition: Electricity topic page → Key definitions → 1 “What is electric current?”
  3. Draw: Key Diagrams: Electricity → diagram 12 (circuit symbols chart) 🔍 and diagram 15 (conduction in a metal wire) 🔍.
  4. Copy worked example: Charge flow: Q = It → Q1.
  5. Fill the gaps: Fill the gaps: Electricity → passage 1 (current and charge).
  6. Practise: Q = It → Q2–Q10.
  7. Lesson activity: Circuit Builder.

Lesson 2 – Potential difference, resistance and the resistance practical (C+S)

  1. Copy definitions: Electricity topic page → Key definitions → 2 “What is potential difference?” and 3 “What is resistance?”
  2. Copy worked example: Potential difference: V = IR → Q1.
  3. Read: Required practical: Resistance → method, variables and video.
  4. Draw: Key Diagrams: Electricity → diagram 16 (resistance of a wire practical) 🔍 and diagram 17 (resistance vs length graph) 🔍.
  5. Fill the gaps: Fill the gaps: Electricity → passage 2 (p.d. and resistance) and passage 9 (resistance of a wire practical).
  6. Practise: V = IR → Q2–Q10, then the practical’s exam-style questions.

Lesson 3 – Components and I–V characteristics (C+S)

  1. Read and copy notes: Components and I–V Characteristics → notes and copy box.
  2. Copy definitions: Electricity topic page → Key definitions → 4 “What is an ohmic conductor?”, 7 “Thermistor and LDR” and 8 “Diode and filament lamp”.
  3. Read: Required practical: I–V characteristics.
  4. Draw: Key Diagrams: Electricity → I–V graphs for a resistor (18) 🔍, filament lamp (19) 🔍 and diode (20) 🔍; the practical circuit (21) 🔍; the thermistor graph (22) 🔍 and LDR graph (23) 🔍; and the thermistor controlling a lamp (24) 🔍.
  5. Fill the gaps: Fill the gaps: Electricity → passage 3 (components and I–V graphs), passage 10 (I–V practical) and passage 11 (thermistors and LDRs).
  6. Practise: the questions on Components and I–V Characteristics and the practical’s exam-style questions.

Lesson 4 – Series and parallel circuits (C+S)

  1. Copy notes: Circuits and Mains Electricity → the copy box (series and parallel rules).
  2. Copy definitions: Electricity topic page → Key definitions → 5 “Rules for a series circuit” and 6 “Rules for a parallel circuit”.
  3. Draw: Key Diagrams: Electricity → diagram 13 (series circuit) 🔍 and diagram 14 (parallel circuit) 🔍.
  4. Fill the gaps: Fill the gaps: Electricity → passage 4 (series and parallel circuits).
  5. Practise: the circuit questions on Circuits and Mains Electricity, then Multi-step problems.

Lesson 5 – Mains electricity and safety (C+S)

  1. Read and copy notes: Circuits and Mains Electricity → the mains notes and the wire colours in the copy box.
  2. Copy definitions: Electricity topic page → Key definitions → 9 “Direct vs alternating current”, 10 “UK mains frequency and p.d.” and 11 “Live, neutral and earth wires”.
  3. Draw: Key Diagrams: Electricity → diagram 25 (a.c. and d.c. traces) 🔍 and diagram 26 (three-pin plug) 🔍.
  4. Fill the gaps: Fill the gaps: Electricity → passage 5 (mains electricity).
  5. Lesson activity: Plug Detective.

Lesson 6 – Power and energy transfers (C+S)

  1. Copy worked examples: Power: P = VI → Q1; Power: P = I²R → Q1; Energy: E = Pt → Q1; Energy: E = QV → Q1.
  2. Fill the gaps: Fill the gaps: Electricity → passage 6 (power and energy transfers).
  3. Practise: Q2–Q6 on each of the four equation pages. Higher: Q7–Q10.
  4. Mixed practice: Which equation?

Lesson 7 – The National Grid (C+S)

  1. Read: Transformers and the National Grid → the National Grid notes (the transformer equations are S only, HT – leave them for Magnetism).
  2. Copy definition: Electricity topic page → Key definitions → 12 “What is the National Grid?”
  3. Draw: Key Diagrams: Electricity → diagram 27 (the National Grid) 🔍.
  4. Fill the gaps: Fill the gaps: Electricity → passage 7 (the National Grid).
  5. Lesson activity: Keep the Country Running.

Lesson 8 – Static electricity (S only)

  1. Read and copy notes: Static Electricity → notes and copy box.
  2. Draw: Key Diagrams: Electricity → diagram 28 (charging by friction) 🔍 and diagram 29 (electric field around a charged sphere) 🔍.
  3. Fill the gaps: Fill the gaps: Electricity → passage 8 (static electricity).
  4. Practise: Static Electricity → Q1–Q8.

Lesson 9 – Review and test (C+S)

  1. Read: Electricity topic page → “⚠️ Where students lose marks”. Copy the three you think you’d get wrong.
  2. Test yourself: Electricity topic page → cover the answers and try all 12 Key definitions.
  3. Mind map: Mind map guide → Electricity.
  4. Redraw from memory: the three I–V graphs (diagrams 18–20) and the plug (diagram 26) from Key Diagrams: Electricity, then check them.
  5. Quiz: Electricity quiz – 20 questions. Mark it and work out your percentage.
  6. Exam practice: AQA past papers → Paper 1 electricity questions.