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Specification: AQA A-level Physics (7408) 3.9 Astrophysics option  |  Paper: 3 Section B  |  Data and formulae booklet: given in the exam

Every equation in the Astrophysics option has its own page: key definitions, the equation with units, and 10 ramped questions from core to stretch, each with a full worked solution.

🛒 All the equations in one place: the AQA A-level Every Key Equation PowerPoint has 127 equations, 381 practice questions and 15 derivations, covering the core and all five options, for £12.

Telescopes (3.9.1)

• Angular magnification: M = f₀/fₑ (3.9.1.1)
• Resolving power and collecting power: θ ≈ λ/D (3.9.1.4)

Classification of stars (3.9.2)

• Absolute magnitude: m − M = 5 log(d/10) (3.9.2.2)
• Wien’s law: λ_maxT = 2.9 × 10⁻³ m K (3.9.2.3)
• Stefan’s law: P = σAT⁴ (3.9.2.3)
• Black holes: Rₛ ≈ 2GM/c² (3.9.2.6)

Cosmology (3.9.3)

• Doppler effect and red shift: z = v/c (3.9.3.1)
• Hubble’s law: v = Hd (3.9.3.2)

How to use these pages: work every question on paper first. Convert H₀ to s⁻¹ before finding the age of the universe, use parsecs in the magnitude equation, and give small angles in radians.

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